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SEMINÁRIOS EM ENGENHARIA E GESTÃO ANO LECTIVO 2008/09: 1º SEMESTRE
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Da
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6 de Outubro de 2008, 14.00-15.00
Resumo: De modo que o sector do turismo nacional se possa desenvolver e consolidar no futuro, este tem de ser pautado por intervenções de desenvolvimento que se fundamentem em estudos técnico-científicos rigorosos. A satisfação do cliente não surge como uma opção mas como uma questão fulcral para o êxito do sector, pois este depende em grande medida do agrado, retenção e fidelidade dos seus clientes. Nesta comunicação faz-se uma análise critica aos principais tipos de métodos usados na avaliação da satisfação do cliente no sector do turismo e apresenta-se o trabalho decorrente do desenvolvimento e teste de um método para avaliação da satisfação do cliente no sector do alojamento turístico. |
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Da
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28 de Outubro de 2008, 17.30-18.30
Título do seminário: " A estatística multivariada na ciência regional: análise de 'clusters' socioeconómicos " Resumo: Este seminário aborda os aspectos metodológicos relacionados com a estimação multivariada de "clusters" socio-económicos de base regional, referindo diversos casos de aplicação presentes na literatura dos últimos anos. É discutido o problema da escolha das variáveis, da necessidade de redução de dados, e da escolha do método de classificação/agrupamento. É usado um caso de estudo envolvendo indicadores socio-económicos da base de dados Regio do Eurostat para comparar a variabilidade dos resultados causada pela selecção das variáveis com a resultante da escolha de diferentes métodos de classificação/agrupamento. |
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Da
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7 Novembro de 2008,
14.30-15.30 dia e local a anunciar, seminário conjunto com o Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biomógica
Título do seminário: "Energis: A geographical information based system for the evaluation of integrated energy conversion systems in urban areas" Resumo: Following the pioneering work of the AGS Tokyo half project, a geographical information system has been developed to model the energy requirement of a urban area. The purpose of this platform is to model with sufficient details the energy services requirement of a given geographical area to allow the evaluation of the integration of advanced integrated energy conversion systems. This tool is used to study the emergence of more efficient cities that realize the integration of energy efficiency measures and of energy efficient conversion technologies and that valorize the use of endogenous renewable energy. The model first uses a geographical system to identify the building characteristics in the area. A typification procedure is used to define the energy characteristics of each building, to model its energy requirement and their perspectives. A data base of typified building models has been constituted. The parameters have been identified using data from monitoring tools installed in the area. In order to practically compute the annual performances of the energy conversion systems, the building requirement model considers heating and cooling requirements and provides the temperatures of the hydronic system as a function of the ambient temperature. Combining the requirements using the composite curves concepts defines the enthalpy- temperature of the requirement of each geographical sector. This information is then combined with the geographical catalog of the available energy resources like lake water, underground water, geological resources, or waste water treatment plants in order to compute the annual COP for each kind of decentralized heat pump. In addition, heat (cold) distribution system costs are estimated in order to evaluate the integration of combined heat and power options and/or centralized heat pumping systems. Considering the available resources, an aggregation method is then proposed to estimate the best coverage of heat distribution systems. The generated maps have then been used to define the heat and power production strategy in the concerned geographical sectors. An application to the Geneva canton will be presented. |
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Da
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21 de Novembro de 2008, 14.30-15.30
Apresentador: Jacobo Feás Vázquez (University of Santiago de Compostela, Espanha) Título do seminário: "Information, Conceptual Frameworks, Analysis and Assessment Tools in Support of Environmental Decision Making" Resumo: One of the main issues in the environmental decision making field is the necessity, sometimes obligation imposed by the legislation, to communicate the decision process and make it more comprehensible. In other words, the objective is to increase the transparency of the decision making available all the relevant information related to the decision process for all interested actors. For this reason, many tools have been developed over the last decades: indicators, conceptual frameworks, and impact assessment studies are examples. However, many of these tools try to represent the environmental situation or hypothetical future states without any explicit reference to how decisions are taken or should be taken. Four major steps can be identified in the evaluation process of policies and decision making in terms of their contribution to environmental management and sustainable development. The first step relates to the identification of a wide array of indicators and measures available for monitoring development and environmental change. These indicators can, and should, vary depending upon place and scale. The second step deals with conceptual frameworks, which provide powerful insight and organising qualities. The third involves specific forms of analysis that rely on indicators that are best selected through the use of sound conceptual frameworks. Finally, all these steps contribute to a fourth one: sustainability assessment. Each step can also be referred to as a 'tool' for assessing the effects and effectiveness of policy measures. Such tools are closely related to one another: indicators and measures are the pillars, as assessment and communication are their main function. Conceptual frameworks are ordering mechanisms that help organise indicators logically, for instance in cause-effect-response chains. Based on this information, analysis helps gain information and insight and contributes to the assessment of policy makers' decisions through specific and comprehensive decision support tools. Within the environmental management context the initial task of decision makers is usually that of acquiring or consolidating knowledge about the territory they manage by collecting information about human activities and their relationships with the environmental systems. This may be based upon the identification of suitable indicators, which may provide concise quantification and temporal monitoring of the main human and environmental variables interacting within the given territorial systems. The whole informative and decision process should be then formalized within a conceptual network, and in this seminar we present the benefits of the DPSIR approach, developed by the European Environmental Agency for that purpose. In such a conceptual framework, related to natural resources management, the Impacts describe the existing problems arising from the change detected in State variables, which affects their economic value, environmental function and social role (either in quantitative, or qualitative terms), thus allowing to support decision making within the perspective of sustainable development. Such a conceptual structure can support the establishment of new lines of communication between different actors and help to facilitate the collection and recording of public opinions. This process may be undertaken in a group (e.g. the decision makers and the stakeholders together) using the framework to structure discussion between those who decide and those who are involved in the problem. In this seminar, we will try to describe the DPSIR approach, focusing on the experience gained with the end users involved in some environmental related projects. In particular, we present the use of the DPSIR approach to structure and communicate the decision context and its potentials for stakeholders' involvement in environmental decision making processes. |
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Da
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5 de Dezembro de 2008, 16.00-17.00
Título do seminário : " Decision Making in Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization " Resumo: Evolutionary approaches to multiobjective optimisation have concentrated mainly on the task of approximating the set of Pareto-optimal solutions of a given problem as well as possible, by generating diverse sets of non-dominated alternatives. This has the advantage of removing subjective preference information from the optimisation problem formulation, but it also makes the resulting problem computationally more demanding. In order to concentrate the search effort on the regions of potential interest to the decision maker, techniques for the progressive articulation of preferences in evolutionary multiobjective optimisation (EMO) have been proposed, casting EMO as the interaction between an evolutionary search mechanism and a decision maker. More recently, others have noted that also the promotion of diversity across the Pareto-optimal front, which is usually handled separately, may be successfully addressed by the decision maker within this framework. Finally, determining the new candidate solution(s) to be evaluated at each iteration may be seen as a control problem, where actions (new solutions) are to be selected based on some model, however weak, of the underlying optimisation problem and on the information provided by the decision maker from the beginning of the optimisation run. In this talk, both the evaluation of current solutions and the generation of new candidate solutions in EMO will be discussed from a decision making perspective. From the discussion, opportunities for incorporating more explicit decision making in EMO will be identified. |
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Data:
8 de Janeiro de 2009, 10.00-11.30
Título do seminário: "Gazela High Tech: O caso da YDREAMS" Resumo: Os avanços tecnológicos e o entretenimento têm um papel de relevo ao possibilitarem a utilização de ferramentas e meios que proporcionam experiências aos consumidores. Deste modo, as indústrias criativas surgem como uma aliança valiosa no desenvolvimento de acções publicitárias, possibilitando alcançar os consumidores nos seus momentos de diversão e permitindo que os anunciantes associem a sua marca a experiências positivas e diferenciem a mensagem comunicada. A apresentação da YDREAMS centra-se na análise de um caso de referência internacional de uma Gazela High Tech Portuguesa que tem vindo a desenvolver um esforço de I&D orientado para a oferta de soluções inovadoras com uma forte componente tecnológica para várias áreas de actividade, de entre as quais se destaca a publicidade em indústrias criativas. |
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Data:
8 de Janeiro 2009, 12.00-13.00
Título do Seminário: " Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) and Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP): Towards a Unified Modeling Framework" Resumo: Decision-making problems that can be viewed as combinatorial (optimization) problems are ubiquitous in a variety of areas, such as: logistics, finance, transportation, configuration, etc. Just to name a few examples of such problems, in production, the sequencing of jobs and assignment of resources, as well as packaging, design, and cutting stock problems have to be solved. In transportation, companies face decisions concerning the fleet management, timetables (flights, buses), configuration (e.g. trains), and intermediate storing. Personnel-related issues are crew scheduling (vital in the airline industry), the staffing of shifts (e.g. in health care), and timetables for courses. A typical managerial task is the planning of projects. An example in finance is optimal portfolio management. In telecommunications, routing and network layout decisions have to be taken. Therefore, the few examples previously named illustrate that Combinatorial Optimization Problems (COPs) are present in day-to-day situations, and their study is an important issue, even more because COPs have a negative characteristic: they are difficult to solve. One objective of this seminar is to summarize and contrast the characteristics of Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) and Constraint Logic Programming (CLP), two approaches that have been used for solving COPs. In addition, the integration of CLP and MILP is an emerging discipline that has been recognized as a suitable environment for achieving the best that both fields can contribute to solve COPs. The two approaches evolved independently until a few years ago. Yet, they have much in common, and they are applied to many of the same problems. Both have enjoyed considerable commercial success. Most important, they have complementary strengths, and the last few years have seen growing efforts to combine them. The recent interaction between MILP and CLP promises to change both fields. It is conceivable that portions of both will merge into a single problem solving technology for discrete and mixed discrete/continuous problems. Following this reasoning, within the seminar will be presented one example of how MILP, CLP, and a hybrid CLP-MILP approach were applied to solve a combinatorial optimization problem, specifically, a real-world problem within the Brazilian oil-pipeline network. |
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Data:
28 de Janeiro de 2009, 12.00-13.00
Título do seminário: "Ferramentas de Gestão para a Integração de Pessoas Deficientes na Indústria" Resumo: O seminário vai ter três partes diferenciadas, onde os principais tópicos de cada parte da palestra serão: 1. Um estado da arte geral dos pesquisadores que têm feito aplicações da Pesquisa Operacional com fins sociais; 2. A experiência prática na cidade de Valencia - Espanha, onde se tem aplicado ferramentas de Pesquisa operacional/Engenharia Industrial para empregar pessoas com deficiência física e psíquica em Centros Especiais de Emprego com bastante sucesso; 3. Um resumo das atividades na UPV - Universidad Politécnica Valencia, onde há 6 anos foi fundado o "GREVOL", um grupo de professores para aplicação da Educação em Valores nos estudos técnicos universitários. |
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Data:
2 de Fevereiro de 2009, 11.30-12.30
Título do seminário: "Carbon Efficient Supply Chains" Resumo: In this presentation we will introduce the key challenges in determining the carbon footprint of supply chains. We will discuss how supply chain partnerships could be used to overcome some of these challenges. We will use the EPA Smartway Program as an example of aligning multiple incentives to achieve transparency and collaboration within the supply chain. |
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Data:
3 de Fevereiro de 2009, 11.30-12.30
Título do seminário: "Cadeia de Abastecimento - Medição do desempenho e estratégias de colaboração" Resumo: A gestão das cadeias de abastecimento é hoje reconhecida como uma potencial fonte de vantagem competitiva para as empresas. O sucesso de várias empresas na implementação de estratégias inovadoras fez com que muitas outras embarcassem em projectos de reestruturação das suas cadeias de abastecimento. No entanto, nem todas as empresas conseguem obter os resultados esperados e muitas vezes os factores de sucesso são difíceis de identificar. A fim de ajudar as empresas na selecção das melhores estratégias para a sua cadeia de abastecimento este seminário apresenta: 1. Novo método de medição do desempenho das cadeias de abastecimento que considera de uma forma integrada vários fenómenos indesejados das mesmas. 2. Modelo para a definição de estratégias de colaboração adequadas entre manufacturas e os seus fornecedores. 3. Aplicação dos pontos anteriores ao caso de estudo Qimonda Portugal S.A. |
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Data:
5 de Fevereiro de 2009, 12.00-13.00
Título do seminário: "Utilizando Análise Multicritério para desenvolver um protótipo de modelo para avaliar propostas integradas para a Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas" Resumo: Problemas com vários objetivos conflitantes são comuns e fazem parte da rotina das pessoas que trabalham no setor público. Entretanto, na maioria das vezes, eles não sabem como modelar problemas deste tipo. O objetivo deste projeto consistiu em desenvolver um modelo MCDA (Análise de Decisão Multicritério) num contexto socio-técnico de conferência de decisão para avaliar propostas integradas para a Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas. Embora a lagoa esteja ligada ao oceano atlântico, sua água atingiu nível insatisfatório de poluição. Esta situação foi identificada como sendo um problema com vários objetivos conflitantes, envolvendo diferentes secretarias pertencentes ao setor público do Rio de Janeiro. Participantes da FEEMA, SERLA, CEDAE, SMAC, SMU, IPP, Comlurb, e Rio Águas, estiveram presentes nos dois dias do processo de conferência de decisão. Este projeto demonstrou a utilidade da metodologia MCDA. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se dizer que o modelo requisito construído durante os dois dias do processo intensivo, iterativo e altamente dinâmico de conferência de decisão permitiu que os participantes se sentissem muito mais confortáveis e confiantes para tomar uma decisão e resolver a questão da Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas. Todo o processo de modelagem foi desenvolvido com a ajuda do software M-MACBETH. |
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Data
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25 de Fevereiro de 2009, 16.00-17.00
Título do seminário : "Young, Open and International: The impact of search strategies on the internationalization of new ventures" Resumo: Young firms with the ability to internationalize their activities early and decisively have received much attention in recent academic discussion. However, relatively little is known about the underlying processes that enable them to skip several stages of the internationalization process. We contribute to this research stream by establishing theoretical links with the emerging open innovation paradigm of firms optimizing their R&D activities by interconnecting them with external partners such as leading customers, universities or specialized suppliers. We argue that organizational flexibility as well as inherent resource constraints push and pull young firms to benefit predominantly from open innovation potentials and translate them into superior success on foreign markets. We test these hypotheses empirically for a sample of more than 2,500 firms from Germany. It allows us to contrast young and mature firms with regards to the effect of open innovation strategies on internationalization performance. Our results show that both the breadth and depth of search strategies for external knowledge help young firms to enter international markets. Once they have entered these markets, though, the drivers for success seem to shift from general knowledge sourcing to targeted and specific ones. Management recommendations are developed based on these results. |