Conservation versus restoration. The principle of minimum intervention. 

John Ruskin, William Morris and the Anti-Restoration Movement. From Non-Interventionism to the creation of SPAB - Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings. The importance of the Arts and Crafts Movement to the theory and practice of heritage conservation. 
New currents of thought: Camillo Boito and Modern Restoration. 

Conservação versus restauro. O princípio da intervenção mínima. 

John Ruskin, William Morris e o Movimento Anti-Restauro. Do não-intervencionismo à criação da SPAB - Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings. A importância do movimento Arts and Crafts para a teoria e a prática da conservação do património. 

• conhecimento do "objecto" (história, materiais, técnicas construtivas, estado de conservação, fenómenos de degradação e suas causas)
• meio ambiente
• intervenções anteriores
• teoria e princípios que devem reger a prática da conservação
  

Autenticidade, Reversibilidade/Compatibilidade, Retratibilidade, Intervenção mínima. Análise de casos práticos.

• knowledge about the "object" (history, materials, construction techniques, state of conservation, degradation phenomena and their causes)
• environmental conditions
• previous interventions
• theory and principles that should govern the conservation practice 

Authenticity, Reversibility / Compatibility, Retreatability, Minimal intervention. Case studies. 

Introduction to the concepts of anastylosis and minimal intervention.

Heritage policies after the French Revolution: inventory, legislation and institutions.

Doctrines and currents of thought in the 19th century: Viollet-le-Duc and the Stylistic Restoration.

Analysis and discussion of emblematic interventions.