Types of Chromatography.

29 maio 2014, 10:00 • Ana Margarida Nunes da Mata Pires de Azevedo

Separations based on charge: Anion-exchange chromatography, cation exchange chromatography.

Separations based on size: Size-Exclusion chromatography. Principles of separation. Commonly used stationary phases.

Separations based on affinity interactions: Affinity chromatography. Examples of biospecific interactions: sugars-lectins, enzyme-substrates (analogues, inhibitors, co-factors), antibodies-antigens, biotin-streptavidin, antibodies-protein A/G/L. Pseudo-affinity chromatography: example of mixed-mode ligands, dye-ligands, immobilized metal-ligands, biomimetic ligands. Purification of recombinant proteins using affinity tag: Histidine-tag, Strep-tag.

Resolution of Exercises.

Resolução de problemas

28 maio 2014, 10:30 • Ana Margarida Nunes da Mata Pires de Azevedo

Aplicação de conhecimentos na resolução de problemas práticos de separação e purificação de produtos biológicos.

Reactores biológicos - exercícios

26 maio 2014, 10:00 • Carla da Conceição Caramujo Rocha de Carvalho

Resolução de exercícios de exame.

Chromatography. Introduction.

26 maio 2014, 08:30 • Ana Margarida Nunes da Mata Pires de Azevedo

Introduction to Chromatography. Historical perspective. Mobile and stationary phases. Principal characteristics of the stationary phases: porous beads vs non-porous beads, spherical beads vs non-spherical beads, beads vs monoliths. Analytic vs preparative chromatography. Scale-up of a chromatographic column.

Types of chromatography: Classification according to (i) physical state of the mobile phase, (ii) bed-shape, (iii) development procedure, (iv) separation procedure, (v) operational mode.

Types of Chromatography. Separations based on polarity: Normal phase chromatography, reversed phase chromatography, hydrophilic interaction chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography. 

Membrane Processes.

22 maio 2014, 10:00 • Ana Margarida Nunes da Mata Pires de Azevedo

Introduction to membrane processes. Definition of a membrane. Driving forces: hydrostatic pressure, concentration, electrical potential and temperature gradients. Membrane separations by hydrostatic pressure: microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis. Types of membranes: i) chemical characteristics (polymeric, inorganic and metallic membranes); ii) Morphologic characteristics (presence of pores; degree of symmetry; pore size); iii) module configuration (planar versus tubular membranes). Examples of symmetric, asymmetric and composite membranes.

Membrane modules: i) flat sheet membranes (plate and frame, spiral wound), ii) Tubular membranes (tubular, capillary and hollow fibers). Membranes fabrication.

Membrane processes: applications. Design considerations: dead-end versus tangential-flow filtration. Membrane clogging: Concentration polarization versus fouling.

Mathematical description of membrane processes. Definition of transmembrane pressure, rejection coefficient and transmission coefficient. Modes of operation: i) clarification; ii) concentration; iii) diafiltration. Modelling of membrane processes: i) Pore model; ii) Resistance model; iii) Mass transfer model; iv) Osmotic pressure model.